Special Characters in HTML

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Punctuation HTML Entity
(case sensitive)
ISO Latin-1 code name or meaning
– – en dash
— — em dash
¡ ¡ ¡ inverted exclamation
¿ ¿ ¿ inverted question mark
" " quotation mark
“ “ left double curly quote
” ” right double curly quote
  ' apostrophe (single quote)
‘ ‘ left single curly quote
’ ’ right single curly quote
«


»
«


»
«


»
guillemets (used as quotation marks in some languages, e.g., French)
 
(Its there, but you can’t see it!)
    non-breaking space
Symbols  
& & & ampersand
¢ ¢ ¢ cent
© © © copyright
÷ ÷ ÷ divide
> > > greater than
< &lt; &#60; less than
µ &micro; &#181; micron
· &middot; &#183; middle dot
&para; &#182; pilcrow (paragraph sign)
± &plusmn; &#177; plus/minus
&euro; &#8364; Euro
£ &pound; &#163; British Pound Sterling
® &reg; &#174; registered
§ &sect; &#167; section
&trade; &#153; trademark
¥ &yen; &#165; Japanese Yen
° &deg; &#176; Degree
Diacritics  
á


Á
&aacute;


&Aacute;
&#225;


&#193;
lower-case “a” with acute accent


upper-case “A” with acute accent
à


À
&agrave;


&Agrave;
&#224;


&#192;
lower-case “a” with grave accent


upper-case “A” with grave accent
â


Â
&acirc;


&Acirc;
&#226;


&#194;
lower-case “a” with circumflex


upper-case “A” with circumflex
å


Å
&aring;


&Aring;
&#229;


&#197;
lower-case “a” with ring


upper-case “A” with ring
ã


Ã
&atilde;


&Atilde;
&#227;


&#195;
lower-case “a” with tilde


upper-case “A” with tilde
ä


Ä
&auml;


&Auml;
&#228;


&#196;
lower-case “a” with diaeresis/umlaut


upper-case “A” with diaeresis/umlaut
æ


Æ
&aelig;


&AElig;
&#230;


&#198;
lower-case “ae” ligature


upper-case “AE” ligature
ç


Ç
&ccedil;


&Ccedil;
&#231;


&#199;
lower-case “c” with cedilla


upper-case “C” with cedilla
é


É
&eacute;


&Eacute;
&#233;


&#201;
lower-case “e” with acute accent


upper-case “E” with acute accent
è


È
&egrave;


&Egrave;
&#232;


&#200;
lower-case “e” with grave accent


upper-case “E” with grave accent
ê


Ê
&ecirc;


&Ecirc;
&#234;


&#202;
lower-case “e” with circumflex


upper-case “E” with circumflex
ë


Ë
&euml;


&Euml;
&#235;


&#203;
lower-case “e” with diaeresis/umlaut


upper-case “E” with diaeresis/umlaut
í


Í
&iacute;


&Iacute;
&#237;


&#205;
lower-case “i” with acute accent


upper-case “I” with acute accent
ì


Ì
&igrave;


&Igrave;
&#236;


&#204;
lower-case “i” with grave accent


upper-case “I” with grave accent
î


Î
&icirc;


&Icirc;
&#238;


&#206;
lower-case “i” with circumflex


upper-case “I” with circumflex
ï


Ï
&iuml;


&Iuml;
&#239;


&#207;
lower-case “i” with diaeresis/umlaut


upper-case “I” with diaeresis/umlaut
ñ


Ñ
&ntilde;


&Ntilde;
&#241;


&#209;
lower-case “n” with tilde


upper-case “N” with tilde
ó


Ó
&oacute;


&Oacute;
&#243;


&#211;
lower-case “o” with acute accent


upper-case “O” with acute accent
ò


Ò
&ograve;


&Ograve;
&#242;


&#210;
lower-case “o” with grave accent


upper-case “O” with grave accent
ô


Ô
&ocirc;


&Ocirc;
&#244;


&#212;
lower-case “o” with circumflex


upper-case “O” with circumflex
ø


Ø
&oslash;


&Oslash;
&#248;


&#216;
lower-case “o” with slash


upper-case “O” with slash
õ


Õ
&otilde;


&Otilde;
&#245;


&#213;
lower-case “o” with tilde


upper-case “O” with tilde
ö


Ö
&ouml;


&Ouml;
&#246;


&#214;
lower-case “o” with diaeresis/umlaut


upper-case “O” with diaeresis/umlaut
ß &szlig; &#223; ess-tsett
ú


Ú
&uacute;


&Uacute;
&#250;


&#218;
lower-case “u” with acute accent


upper-case “U” with acute accent
ù


Ù
&ugrave;


&Ugrave;
&#249;


&#217;
lower-case “u” with grave accent


upper-case “U” with grave accent
û


Û
&ucirc;


&Ucirc;
&#251;


&#219;
lower-case “u” with circumflex


upper-case “U” with circumflex
ü


Ü
&uuml;


&Uuml;
&#252;


&#220;
lower-case “u” with diaeresis/umlaut


upper-case “U” with diaeresis/umlaut
ÿ &yuml; &#255; lower-case “y” with diaeresis/umlaut
´


`
  &#180;


&#96;
acute accent with no letter


grave accent/reversed apostrophe with no letter

 

Notes:

  1. The &quot; entity was mistakenly omitted from the HTML 3.2 specification. While use of &quot; generates error reports when validating against 3.2, browsers have continued to recognize the entity and its use is generally safe (sticklers may wish to use &#34; instead). The omission has been corrected in the HTML 4.0 specification.

  2. The non-breaking space (&nbsp; or &#160;) can be used not only to prevent the separation of words by line wraps, but also to force a space equal in size to a keyboard/spacebar space (useful for indentation or wider word separation) or to “hold” space in the empty cell of a table (as in the table above).

  3. The middle dot (&middot; or &#183;) can be used as a bullet and embedded anywhere in text. Because it is equal in size to a period, however, it may be necessary to apply <B> </B> or tags to enhance its graphic effect (use of <FONT SIZE=”x”> </FONT> or <BIG> </BIG> elements is not recommended, as these will alter the character’s vertical spacing relative to other characters in the same line).